Furman V. Georgia (1971)

This refers to a dissenting opinion draft, including dissents from denial of certiorari if in opinion form

This refers to an opinion draft that is not labeled as a dissent, concurrence, or memorandum

This refers to an opinion draft that is not labeled as a dissent, concurrence, or memorandum

Memo may suggest that the justice talk or discuss an issue at conference; memo may maintain that no further conference discussion is needed; memo may state that a justice will be away

Memo stating that the justice agrees, but does not join, the memorandum opinion (or per curiam opinion) written by a justice who was not assigned the opinion (e.g., agree and will join if it becomes opinion; agree with suggested order). The identity of the justice whose opinion is endorsed is located in the JOINED variable.

This includes memos with suggestions and specific or general reservations to a memorandum opinion (or per curiam) not written by assigned opinion author; memos expressing agreement with another justice’s suggestion to the memorandum opinion; statements that justice disagrees with a memorandum opinion. The identity of the memorandum opinion author who receives suggestion is located in the JOINED variable.

Memorandum Opinion Author's Response (not assigned author)

This refers to an opinion draft that is not labeled as a dissent, concurrence, or memorandum

This refers to an opinion draft that is not labeled as a dissent, concurrence, or memorandum

Cover Memo to Memorandum Opinion or Per Curiam Opinion (not assigned author)

Memo stating that the justice agrees, but does not join, the memorandum opinion drafted by the assigned opinion author (e.g., could go along with memorandum opinion; agrees generally with memorandum opinion; agree tentatively with memorandum opinion; will join memorandum opinion if it becomes majority opinion)

Cover Memo to Memorandum Opinion or Per Curiam Opinion (not assigned author)

This refers to a memorandum opinion draft

This refers to an opinion draft that concurs in the judgment or result

This indicates a cover memo to any separate opinion, including concurring, dissenting, or any other type of separate opinion

This refers to a concurring opinion draft

This refers to a memorandum opinion draft

This indicates a cover memo to any separate opinion, including concurring, dissenting, or any other type of separate opinion

This refers to a memorandum opinion draft

This refers to an opinion draft that concurs in the judgment or result

This refers to a concurring opinion draft

Cover Memo to Memorandum Opinion or Per Curiam Opinion (not assigned author)

Memos where a justice states that they join a dissenting opinion, including joining the dissent in part, joining a dissent from denial of cert, or joining a dissent at foot. The identity of the dissenting opinion author who receives the join is located in the JOINED variable.

Memos where a justice states that they join a dissenting opinion, including joining the dissent in part, joining a dissent from denial of cert, or joining a dissent at foot. The identity of the dissenting opinion author who receives the join is located in the JOINED variable.

Memos where a justice states that they join a dissenting opinion, including joining the dissent in part, joining a dissent from denial of cert, or joining a dissent at foot. The identity of the dissenting opinion author who receives the join is located in the JOINED variable.

Memos where a justice states that they join a dissenting opinion, including joining the dissent in part, joining a dissent from denial of cert, or joining a dissent at foot. The identity of the dissenting opinion author who receives the join is located in the JOINED variable.

Memos where a justice states that they join a dissenting opinion, including joining the dissent in part, joining a dissent from denial of cert, or joining a dissent at foot. The identity of the dissenting opinion author who receives the join is located in the JOINED variable.

This includes a copy of the suggested vote line-up in case (for final vote coalitions in case); this does not include memos about opinion writing, but only refers to how the vote will be reported on the final opinion

This includes memos about the timing of a decision announcement (e.g., can we hold this case for a week; opinion should be handed down tomorrow; opinion not ready for case to come down; take as much time as you need); memos about the pace of opinion writing (e.g., a justice’s delay in a case or apologizing for a delay or holding up another justice); memo requesting that a justice make an announcement regarding an opinion

Memos where a justice states that they join a dissenting opinion, including joining the dissent in part, joining a dissent from denial of cert, or joining a dissent at foot. The identity of the dissenting opinion author who receives the join is located in the JOINED variable.

Memos where a justice states that they join a dissenting opinion, including joining the dissent in part, joining a dissent from denial of cert, or joining a dissent at foot. The identity of the dissenting opinion author who receives the join is located in the JOINED variable.

This refers to an opinion draft that is not labeled as a dissent, concurrence, or memorandum

This indicates a cover memo to any separate opinion, including concurring, dissenting, or any other type of separate opinion

Memos where a justice states that they join a dissenting opinion, including joining the dissent in part, joining a dissent from denial of cert, or joining a dissent at foot. The identity of the dissenting opinion author who receives the join is located in the JOINED variable.

This refers to a concurring opinion draft

This includes memo with broad statements including that a justice cannot join the opinion, cannot join a part of the opinion, does not agree with the opinion, or has continuing doubts with the opinion; memos that indicate that the author's change is not enough; memos that make suggestions for specific changes to majority opinion or that express reservations about some aspect of the majority opinion; this code is also given for suggestions to memorandum opinions by an assigned author

This refers to a draft per curiam opinion

This refers to a dissenting opinion draft, including dissents from denial of certiorari if in opinion form

Memo lists cases held for an opinion and gives cert votes or votes on the merits for the held cases; justice may state that held cases should be discussed at conference

Memo lists cases held for an opinion and gives cert votes or votes on the merits for the held cases; justice may state that held cases should be discussed at conference

Memos where a justice joins the majority opinion includes please join me; I agree; I am still with you; I acquiesce; I will go along; I dissent but will be silent; graveyard join or dissent. This code includes join of memorandum opinions if it is written by the assigned author, orders if it disposes of case, decrees, per curiam opinions. It also includes statements that the justice joins, but subject to what others might write.

This refers to a dissenting opinion draft, including dissents from denial of certiorari if in opinion form

This refers to an opinion draft that is not labeled as a dissent, concurrence, or memorandum

Memo lists cases held for an opinion and gives cert votes or votes on the merits for the held cases; justice may state that held cases should be discussed at conference

Memo lists cases held for an opinion and gives cert votes or votes on the merits for the held cases; justice may state that held cases should be discussed at conference

These memos inform the Court whether a justice is "out" for a case; the memo may ask the opinion author to note the justice took no part in consideration of a case; memos may inform the Court that a justice is participating (e.g., not out; not recuse); memos may concern whether a justice should recuse himself or herself (e.g., may recuse self; have not decided whether to participate; do not think I should recuse); memos written by other justices about a colleague's recusal

This indicates a cover memo to any separate opinion, including concurring, dissenting, or any other type of separate opinion

Memo lists cases held for an opinion and gives cert votes or votes on the merits for the held cases; justice may state that held cases should be discussed at conference

Circulation of Change to Separate Opinion (e.g., footnote, portion of opinion, adding paragraph); this occurs in a memo, not on a draft opinion; circulation of change to unlabeled opinion

This refers to a dissenting opinion draft, including dissents from denial of certiorari if in opinion form

This refers to a draft per curiam opinion

This refers to an opinion draft that concurs in the judgment or result

Circulation of Change to Separate Opinion (e.g., footnote, portion of opinion, adding paragraph); this occurs in a memo, not on a draft opinion; circulation of change to unlabeled opinion